Name |
Creator |
Host CPU |
Guest CPU |
Host OS(s) |
Guest OS(s) |
License |
Bochs |
Kevin Lawton |
Any |
x86, x86-64 |
Windows, Linux, Unix/X11, Mac OS 9, Mac OS X, BeOS, MorphOS, OS/2[1][2] |
Windows, Linux, DOS, BSD, OS/2 |
LGPL |
Containers, or Zones |
Sun Microsystems |
x86, x86-64, SPARC (portable: not tied to hardware) |
Same as host |
Solaris 10, Solaris 11 Express, OpenSolaris 2009.06 |
Solaris (8, 9, 10, 11), Linux (BrandZ) |
CDDL |
Cooperative Linux (coLinux) |
Dan Aloni, other developers |
x86[3] |
Same as host |
Windows 2000, XP, 2003, Vista[3] |
Linux |
GPL version 2 |
Denali |
University of Washington |
x86 |
x86 |
Denali |
Ilwaco, NetBSD |
? |
DOSBox |
Peter Veenstra, Sjoerd, community help |
Any |
x86 |
Linux, Windows, Mac OS classic, Mac OS X, BeOS, FreeBSD, OpenBSD, Solaris, QNX, IRIX, MorphOS, AmigaOS, Maemo, Symbian |
Internally emulated DOS shell; classic PC booter games, unofficially Windows 1.0 to 3.11 |
GPL |
DOSEMU |
Community project |
x86, x86-64 |
x86 |
Linux |
DOS |
GPL version 2 |
FreeBSD Jail |
FreeBSD |
Any running FreeBSD |
Any running FreeBSD |
FreeBSD |
FreeBSD, Linux ABI |
BSD |
GXemul |
Anders Gavare |
Any |
ARM, MIPS, M88K, PowerPC, SuperH |
Unix-like |
NetBSD, OpenBSD, Linux, Ultrix, Sprite |
BSD |
Hercules |
Begun by Roger Bowler, as of 2011[update] maintained by Jay Maynard |
Any |
z/Architecture |
Unix-like |
Linux on zSeries, z/OS, z/VM, z/VSE, OS/360, DOS/360, DOS/VS, MVS, VM/370, TSS/370 |
QPL |
Hyper-V Server 2008 R2 |
Microsoft |
x86-64 + hardware-assisted virtualization (Intel VT-x or AMD-V) |
x86-64, x86 (up to 8 physical CPUs) |
Windows 2008 w/Hyper-V Role, Windows Hyper-V Server |
supported drivers for Windows 2000, Windows 2003, Windows 2008, Windows XP, Windows Vista, Linux (SUSE 10 released, more announced) |
Proprietary |
iCore Virtual Accounts |
iCore Software |
x86 |
x86 |
Windows XP |
Windows XP |
Proprietary |
Integrity Virtual Machines |
Hewlett-Packard |
IA-64 |
IA-64 |
HP-UX |
HP-UX, Windows, Linux (OpenVMS announced) |
Proprietary |
JPC (Virtual Machine) |
Oxford University |
Any running the Java Virtual Machine |
x86 |
Java Virtual Machine |
DOS, Linux, Windows up to 3.0 |
GPL version 2 |
KVM |
Qumranet [7] |
x86, x86-64, IA-64, with x86 virtualization, s390, PowerPC[4] |
Same as host |
Linux, illumos |
FreeBSD, Linux, Solaris, Windows, Plan 9 |
GPL version 2 |
Linux-VServer |
Community Project |
x86, x86-64, IA-64, Alpha, PowerPC 64, PA-RISC 64, SPARC64, ARM, S/390, SH/66, MIPS |
Compatible |
Linux |
Linux variants |
GPL version 2 |
LynxSecure |
LynuxWorks |
x86, Intel VT-x, Intel VT-d |
x86 |
No host OS |
LynxOS, Linux, Windows |
Proprietary |
lxc |
Community project lxc.sourceforge.net |
x86, x86-64, IA-64, PowerPC 64, SPARC64 |
Same as host |
Linux |
Linux variants |
GPL version 2 |
Mac-on-Linux |
Mac-on-Linux |
PowerPC |
PowerPC |
Linux |
Mac OS X, Mac OS 7.5.2 to 9.2.2, Linux |
GPL |
Mac-on-Mac |
Sebastian Gregorzyk |
PowerPC |
PowerPC |
Mac OS X, up to Tiger excluded |
Mac OS X, Mac OS 7.5.2 to 9.2.2, Linux |
GPL |
OpenVZ |
Community project, supported by SWsoft, now Parallels, Inc. |
x86, x86-64, IA-64, PowerPC 64, SPARC64 |
Same as host |
Linux |
Linux variants |
GPL |
Oracle VM for x86 |
Oracle Corporation |
x86, x86-64, Intel VT-x, AMD-V |
x86, x86-64, Intel VT-x, AMD-V |
No host OS |
Microsoft Windows, Oracle Enterprise Linux, Red Hat Enterprise Linux, Solaris |
Oracle VM Server GPL; Manager proprietary |
Oracle VM Server for SPARC (LDoms) |
Oracle Corporation |
UltraSPARC T1, UltraSPARC T2, UltraSPARC T2+, SPARC T3 |
Compatible |
Solaris 10 |
Solaris, Linux, FreeBSD |
Proprietary |
OVPsim |
OVP [8] |
x86 |
OR1K, MIPS32, ARC600/700, ARM; and public API which enables users to write custom processor models, RISC, CISC, DSP, VLIW all possible |
Microsoft Windows, Linux |
Depends on target machine, for example includes MIPS Malta that runs Linux or SMP-Linux; and includes public API which enables users to write custom peripheral and system models |
Proprietary, Apache 2.0 for models |
Parallels Desktop for Mac |
Parallels, Inc. |
x86, Intel VT-x |
x86 |
Mac OS X x86 |
DOS, Windows, Linux, Mac OS X Server, FreeBSD, OS/2, eComStation, Solaris |
Proprietary |
Parallels Workstation |
Parallels, Inc. |
x86, Intel VT-x |
x86 |
Windows, Linux |
Windows, Linux, FreeBSD, OS/2, eComStation, DOS, Solaris |
Proprietary |
PearPC |
Sebastian Biallas |
x86, x86-64, PowerPC |
PowerPC |
Windows, Linux, Mac OS X, FreeBSD, NetBSD |
Mac OS X, Darwin, Linux |
GPL |
PikeOS |
SYSGO AG |
PowerPC, x86, ARM, MIPS, SPARC, SuperH |
Same as host |
PikeOS |
PikeOS native, Linux, POSIX, AUTOSAR, ANDROID, RTEMS, OSEK, ARINC 653 APEX, ITRON |
Proprietary |
PowerVM |
IBM |
POWER4, POWER5, POWER6, PowerPC 970 |
POWER4/5/6, PowerPC 970, X86 (PowerVM-Lx86) |
No host OS |
Linux PowerPC, x86; AIX, i5/OS, IBM i |
Proprietary |
QEMU |
Fabrice Bellard, other developers |
x86, x86-64, IA-64, PowerPC, Alpha, SPARC 32/64, ARM, S/390, M68k |
x86, x86-64, ARM, CRIS, LM32, MicroBlaze, MIPS, SPARC 32/64, PowerPC |
Windows, Linux, Mac OS X, Solaris, FreeBSD, OpenBSD, BeOS |
Changes regularly[5] |
GPL/LGPL |
QEMU w/ kqemu module |
Fabrice Bellard |
x86, x86-64 |
Same as host |
Linux, FreeBSD, OpenBSD, Solaris, Windows |
Changes regularly[5] |
GPL/LGPL |
QEMU w/ qvm86 module |
Paul Brook |
x86 |
x86 |
Linux, NetBSD, Windows |
Changes regularly |
GPL |
QuickTransit |
Transitive Corp. |
x86, x86-64, IA-64, POWER |
MIPS, PowerPC, SPARC, x86 |
Linux, Mac OS X, Solaris |
Linux, Mac OS X, Irix, Solaris |
Proprietary |
RTS Hypervisor |
Real-Time Systems |
x86 |
x86 |
No host OS |
Windows 7, Windows XP, Windows Embedded, Windows CE, Linux, Android, VxWorks, OS-9, RTOS-32, QNX, RTEMS, T-Kernel, proprietary |
Proprietary |
ScaleMP vSMP Foundation |
ScaleMP |
x86, x86-64 |
Same as host, up to 8,192 CPUs and 64 TB per VM |
No host OS |
Linux |
Proprietary |
vNUMA |
Matthew Chapman |
ia64 |
ia64, combines CPUs and memory from independent nodes into a virtual NUMA machine |
No host OS |
Linux |
Open source/research |
Safe Virtual Machine, SVM |
Altreonic, www.altreonic.com |
Any |
Any |
OpenComRTOS or any other (RT)OS |
N.A. |
Binary, Open Technology License |
SIMH |
Bob Supnik, The Computer History Simulation Project |
Alpha, ARM, HPPA, x86, IA-64, x86-64, M68K, MIPS, MIPSel, POWER, s390, SPARC |
Data General Nova, Eclipse; Digital Equipment Corporation PDP-1, PDP-4, PDP-7, PDP-8, PDP-9, PDP-10, PDP-11, PDP-15, VAX; GRI Corporation GRI-909, IBM 1401, 1620, 1130, 7090/7094, System 3; Interdata (Perkin-Elmer) 16b/32b systems; Hewlett-Packard 2114, 2115, 2116, 2100, 21MX; Honeywell H316/H516; MITS Altair 8800 with 8080 and Z80; Royal-Mcbee LGP-30, LGP-21; Scientific Data Systems SDS 940 |
BSD, Linux, Solaris, VMS, Windows |
Depends on target machine, includes NetBSD/VAX, OpenBSD/VAX, VAX/VMS, Unix v6, Unix v7, TOPS-10, TOPS-20, ITS |
BSD-like, unique |
Simics |
Virtutech |
x86, x86-64, SPARC v9 |
Alpha, ARM, IA-64, MIPS 32/64, MSP430, POWER, PowerPC 32/64, SPARC v8/v9, x86, x86-64, TI TMS320C64xx |
Windows, Linux, Solaris |
Depends on target machine, VxWorks, OSE, QNX, Linux, Solaris, Windows, FreeBSD, RTEMS, TinyOS, many others |
Proprietary |
Sun xVM Server |
Sun Microsystems |
x86-64, SPARC |
Same as host |
No host OS |
Windows XP, 2003 Server (x86-64 only), Linux, Solaris |
GPL version 3 |
SVISTA 2004 |
Serenity Systems International |
x86 |
x86 |
Windows, OS/2, Linux |
Windows, Linux, OS/2, BSD |
Proprietary |
TRANGO |
TRANGO Virtual Processors, Grenoble, France |
ARM, XScale, MIPS, PowerPC |
Paravirtualized ARM, MIPS, PowerPC |
No host OS, Linux or Windows as dev. hosts |
Linux, eCos, µC/OS-II, WindowsCE, Nucleus, VxWorks |
Proprietary |
User Mode Linux |
Jeff Dike, other developers |
x86, x86-64, PowerPC |
Same as host |
Linux |
Linux |
GPL version 2 |
VirtualBox |
Innotek, acquired by Oracle Corporation |
x86, x86-64 |
x86, (x86-64 only on VirtualBox 2 and later with hardware virtualization) |
Windows, Linux, Mac OS X x86, Solaris, FreeBSD, eComStation |
DOS, Linux, Mac OS X Server,[6] FreeBSD, Haiku, OS/2, Solaris, Syllable, Windows |
GPL version 2; full version with extra enterprise features is proprietary |
Virtual Iron 3.1 |
Virtual Iron Software, Inc., acquired by Oracle |
x86 VT-x, x86-64 AMD-V |
x86, x86-64 |
No host OS |
Windows, Linux |
Full product is proprietary, a few components are GPL version 2[7] |
Virtual PC 2007 |
Connectix |
x86, x86-64 |
x86 |
Windows Vista (Business, Enterprise, Ultimate), XP Pro, XP Tablet PC Edition |
DOS, Windows, OS/2, Linux (SUSE, Xubuntu), OpenSolaris (Belenix) |
Proprietary |
Windows Virtual PC |
Connectix |
x86, x86-64 with Intel VT-x or AMD-V |
x86 |
Windows 7 |
Windows XP, Windows Vista, Windows 7, Windows Server 2003, Windows Server 2008 |
Proprietary |
Virtual PC 7 for Mac |
Connectix |
PowerPC |
x86 |
Mac OS X |
Windows, OS/2, Linux |
Proprietary |
VirtualLogix VLX |
VirtualLogix |
ARM, TI DSP C6000, x86, Intel VT-x, Intel VT-d, PowerPC |
Same as host |
No host OS |
Linux, Windows XP, C5, VxWorks, Nucleus, DSP/BIOS, proprietary |
Proprietary |
Virtual Server 2005 R2 |
Connectix |
x86, x86-64 |
x86 |
Windows 2003, XP |
Windows NT, 2000, 2003, Linux (Red Hat, SUSE) |
Proprietary |
CoWare Virtual Platform |
CoWare |
x86, x86-64, SPARC v9 |
Devices including (multi) cores from ARM, MIPS, PowerPC, Toshiba MeP, Renesas SH, TI, Tensilica, ZSP |
Windows, Linux, Solaris |
Depends on guest CPU; includes: Linux (various flavors), mITRON (various flavors), Windows CE, Symbian, more |
Proprietary |
Virtuozzo |
SWsoft, now Parallels, Inc. |
x86, IA-64, x86-64 |
x86, IA-64, x86-64 |
Linux, Windows |
Linux, Windows |
Proprietary |
VMware ESX Server |
VMware |
x86, x86-64 |
x86, x86-64 |
No host OS |
Windows, Linux, Solaris, FreeBSD, OSx86 (as FreeBSD), virtual appliances, Netware, OS/2, SCO, BeOS, Darwin, others: runs arbitrary OS[8] |
Proprietary |
VMware ESXi |
VMware |
x86, x86-64 |
x86, x86-64 |
No host OS |
Same as VMware ESX Server |
Proprietary |
VMware Fusion |
VMware |
x86, x86-64 |
x86, x86-64 |
Mac OS X x86 |
Same as VMware ESX Server |
Proprietary |
VMware Server |
VMware |
x86, x86-64 |
x86, x86-64 |
Windows, Linux |
Same as VMware ESX Server |
Proprietary |
VMware Workstation 7.1 |
VMware |
x86, x86-64 |
x86, x86-64 |
Windows, Linux |
Same as VMware ESX Server |
Proprietary |
VMware Player 3.1 |
VMware |
x86, x86-64 |
x86, x86-64 |
Windows, Linux |
Same as VMware ESX Server |
Proprietary, free of charge for personal non-commercial use[9][10] |
Wind River hypervisor |
Wind River |
x86, PowerPC |
Same as host |
No host OS |
Linux, VxWorks, unmodified guests (including MS Windows and RTOSes such ach OSE, QNX and others), bare metal virtual board |
Proprietary |
Wind River VxWorks MILS Platform |
Wind River |
PowerPC |
Same as host |
No host OS |
VxWorks, bare metal virtual board |
Proprietary |
Xen |
Xensource |
x86, x86-64, IA-64 |
Same as host |
NetBSD, Linux, Solaris |
FreeBSD, NetBSD, Linux, Solaris, Windows XP & 2003 Server (needs vers. 3.0 and an Intel VT-x (Vanderpool) or AMD-V (Pacifica)-capable CPU), Plan 9 |
GPL |
XtratuM |
Universidad Politecnica de Valencia |
x86, x86; SPARC v8 LEON2/3 |
Same as host |
No host OS |
GPOS: Linux, RTOS: PartiKle, RTEMS |
GPL |
z/VM |
IBM |
z/Architecture |
z/Architecture, z/VM does not run on predecessor mainframes |
No host OS, itself (single or multiple levels/versions deep, e.g. VM/ESA running in z/VM 4.4 in z/VM 5.2 in z/VM 5.1.) |
Linux on zSeries, z/OS, z/VSE, z/TPF, z/VM, VM/CMS, MUSIC/SP, OpenSolaris for System z, predecessors |
Proprietary |
z LPARs |
IBM |
z/Architecture |
z/Architecture |
Integrated in firmware of System z mainframes |
Linux on zSeries, z/OS, z/VSE, z/TPF, z/VM, MUSIC/SP, and predecessors |
Integrated in firmware of System z mainframes |
Name |
Creator |
Host CPU |
Guest CPU |
Host OS(s) |
Guest OS(s) |
License |
Name |
Guest OS SMP available |
Runs arbitrary OS |
Supported guest OS drivers |
Method of operation |
Typical use |
Speed relative to host OS |
Commercial support available |
Containers, or Zones |
Yes, over 500-way on current systems |
No |
Uses native device drivers |
Operating system-level virtualization |
Server consolidation with workload isolation, single workload containment, hosting, dev/test/prod |
Native |
Yes |
Hyper-V Server 2008 R2 |
Yes, up to 4 VCPUs per VM |
Yes |
Yes |
Virtualization |
Server consolidation, service continuity, dev/test, desktop virtualization, could computing |
Near native |
Yes |
OpenVZ |
Yes |
No |
Compatible |
Operating system-level virtualization |
Virtualized server isolation |
Native[9] |
? |
KVM |
Yes[11], up to 16 VCPUs per VM |
Yes |
Yes |
AMD-V and Intel-VT-x |
? |
? |
Yes, Look at RedHat or Novell for details |
Linux-VServer |
Yes |
No |
Compatible |
Operating system-level virtualization |
Virtualized server isolation |
Native[10] |
Yes |
Oracle VM Server for x86 |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Paravirtualization and hardware virtualization |
Server consolidation and security, enterprise and business deployment |
Near native |
Yes |
Oracle VM Server for SPARC |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Paravirtualization and hardware virtualization |
Server consolidation and security, enterprise and business deployment |
Near native |
Yes |
OVPsim |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes, but most of the time unmodified is the goal |
Full system simulation with optional component virtualization |
Software development (early, embedded), advanced debug for single and multicore software, compiler and other tool development, computer architecture research, hobbyist |
Depends on target, up to 500% faster than embedded target, runs over 1,000 MIPS on desktop |
Yes, with commercial license from Imperas[12] |
PikeOS |
Yes |
Yes, but modifications required as paravirtualization is used |
Yes |
Paravirtualization |
Safety and security critical embedded systems. |
Near native |
Yes |
RTS Hypervisor |
Yes |
Yes |
Compatible. OS drivers run unmodified, no special drivers required |
Two modes: full virtualization and paravirtualization; both modes may be used for different operating systems concurrently |
x86 based devices: vertical markets include robotics, industrial automation, medical, telecom, test and measurement; focus is on real-time uses |
Native |
Yes |
ScaleMP vSMP Foundation |
Yes, up to 8,192 CPUs and 64 TB per VM |
Yes |
Yes |
Virtualization |
Server scaling (large workloads), Server consolidation, Cloud computing |
Near Native |
Yes |
Safe Virtual Machine Altreonic |
Not applicable |
Runs on any OS |
OpenComRTOS all services |
Interpreter |
Executes binary code on any embedded processor, diagnostics, dynamic code loading, 3KB code size |
Depends on application |
Yes |
Sun xVM Server |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Paravirtualization and porting or hardware virtualization |
Servers |
Up to near native speed[11] |
Yes |
SVISTA 2004 |
No |
? |
? |
? |
Hobbyist, Developer, Business workstation |
? |
? |
TRANGO |
Yes |
Yes[12] |
Yes |
Paravirtualization and porting or hardware virtualization |
Mob. phone, STB, routers, etc. |
Native[13] |
? |
User Mode Linux |
??? |
No |
special guest kernel+modules required |
Porting |
used as a separate machine for a server or with X11 networking |
near Native [14] (Runs slow as all calls are proxied) |
? |
Oracle VirtualBox |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Virtualization |
Business workstation, server consolidation, service continuity, developer, hobbyist |
Near native |
Yes (with commercial license) |
Virtual Iron 3.1 |
Yes, up to 8 way |
Yes |
Yes |
Native virtualization |
Server consolidation, service continuity, dev/test |
Near Native |
Yes |
Virtual PC 2007 |
No |
Yes |
Yes |
Virtualization, guest calls trapping where supported |
Hobbyist, Developer, Business workstation |
Near native with virtual machine additions |
? |
Windows Virtual PC |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Hardware virtualization |
Developer, Business workstation, support for Compatibility with Windows XP applications |
Near native with virtual machine additions |
No |
Virtual PC 7 for Mac |
No |
Yes |
Yes |
dynamic recompilation (guest calls trapping where supported) |
Hobbyist, Developer, Business workstation |
Slow |
? |
Virtual Server 2005 R2 |
No |
Yes |
Yes |
Virtualization (guest calls trapping where supported) |
Server, server farm |
Near native with virtual machine additions |
? |
CoWare Virtual Platform |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes ( Same compiled Software image as for the real device) |
Full-system virtualization (Processor Core ISA + Hardware + External connections) |
Early embedded software development and integration (from driver to application), Multi-core software debugging and optimization |
Depending on the system characteristics and the software itself, ranges from faster than real time to slow. |
Yes |
Virtuozzo |
Yes |
No |
Compatible |
Operating system-level virtualization |
Server consolidation, service continuity, disaster recovery, service providers |
Native [15] |
Yes |
VMware ESX Server 4.0 (vSphere) |
Yes, add-on, up to 8 way |
Yes |
Yes |
Virtualization |
Server consolidation, service continuity, dev/test, cloud computing |
Up to near native |
Yes |
VMware ESX Server 3.0 |
Yes, add-on, up to 4 way |
Yes |
Yes |
Virtualization |
Server consolidation, service continuity, dev/test |
Up to near native |
Yes |
VMware ESX Server 2.5.3 |
Yes, add-on, 2 way |
Yes |
Yes |
Virtualization |
Server consolidation, service continuity, dev/test |
Up to near native |
Yes |
VMware Fusion |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Virtualization |
Hobbyist, Developer, Tester, Business workstation |
Near native |
Yes |
VMware Server |
Yes (2-way) |
Yes |
Yes |
Virtualization |
Server/desktop consolidation, dev/test |
Up to near native |
Yes |
VMware Workstation 6.0 |
Yes (2-way) |
Yes |
Yes |
Paravirtualization (VMI) and virtualization |
Technical professional, advanced dev/test, trainer |
Up to near native |
Yes |
VMware Player 2.0 |
Yes (2-way) |
Yes |
Yes |
Virtualization |
Technical professional, advanced dev/test, trainer, end user on prebuilt machines |
Up to near native |
Yes |
Wind River hypervisor |
No |
Yes |
Yes |
Paravirtualization, hardware assisted virtualization |
Embedded, safety critical, secure |
Native |
Yes |
Wind River VxWorks MILS Platform |
No |
Yes |
Yes |
Paravirtualization, hardware assisted virtualization |
Embedded, safety critical, secure |
Native |
Yes |
Xen |
Yes, v4.0.0: up to 128 VCPUs per VM |
Yes |
Not required with the exception of the networking drivers where a NAT is required. A modified guest kernel or special hardware level abstraction is required for guest OSs. |
Paravirtualization and porting or hardware virtualization |
Server/desktop consolidation, dev/test |
Up to near native speed,[16] substantial performance loss on some workloads (network and disk intensive especially) |
Yes |
XtratuM |
Yes |
No |
Yes, but not required. |
Paravirtualization |
Embedded, safety critical, secure |
Native (overhead lower than 1%) |
Yes |
z/VM |
Yes, both real and virtual (guest perceives more CPUs than installed), incl. dynamic CPU provisioning and reassignment |
Yes |
Yes, but not required |
Virtualization (among first systems to provide hardware assists) |
Servers |
Near Native[17] |
Yes |
z LPARs |
Yes, both real and virtual (guest perceives more CPUs than installed), incl. dynamic CPU provisioning and reassignment; up to 64 real cores |
Yes |
Yes, but not required |
Microcode and hardware hypervisor |
Servers |
Native: System z machines always run with at least one LPAR |
Yes |
Name |
Guest OS SMP available |
Runs arbitrary OS |
Supported guest OS drivers |
Method of operation |
Typical use |
Speed relative to host OS |
Commercial support available |
This table is meant to outline restrictions in the software dictated by licensing or capabilities.
Note: No limit means no enforced limit. For example, a VM with 1 TB of memory cannot fit in a host with only 8 GB memory and no memory swap disk, so it will have a limit of 8 GB physically.